Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body has an overwhelming response to an infection. It is caused when chemicals released into the bloodstream to fight the infection trigger inflammation throughout the body. Sepsis can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death if it is not treated quickly. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that more than 1.7 million people in the United States develop sepsis each year, and almost 270,000 of them die from it.

As sepsis is a public health burden, increasing awareness is critical. By learning about the causes, symptoms, and treatments for the disease, people can become informed and seek medical attention for themselves of their loved ones. Awareness can lead to earlier diagnosis, faster treatment, and improved patient outcomes.

Causes

Sepsis occurs when bacteria, viruses, or other microbes enter the body and cause an infection. The most common causes of sepsis are bacterial infections, such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and skin infections. Other causes of sepsis can include viral infections, such as influenza, fungal infections, and parasites. Sepsis can also occur in people with weakened immune systems, due to a medical condition or treatment such as chemotherapy.

Sepsis is especially common in nursing homes, where elderly and vulnerable patients are at an increased risk of developing the disease due to their weakened immune systems and the close proximity of other people. Unfortunately, in some cases, sepsis can be caused by abuse or neglect in a nursing home setting. Families of those affected may file a lawsuit against the facility if they believe their loved one was the victim of such neglect.

In addition, sepsis can also occur in newborns due to infections acquired during childbirth. In these cases, the infection can spread quickly in the baby’s body and can lead to organ failure and death if not treated promptly.

What Is Septic Shock?

Septic shock is a serious and life-threatening complication of sepsis. It occurs when the body is unable to regulate its own blood pressure, leading to dangerously low blood pressure and organ failure. Septic shock’s most common signs and symptoms include confusion, restlessness, rapid breathing, cold and clammy skin, weak pulse, and low blood pressure.

Septic shock is a medical emergency and requires immediate attention. Treatment typically involves antibiotics to fight the infection, intravenous fluids to restore blood volume, and medications to maintain blood pressure. In some cases, a ventilator may be needed to assist with breathing. In severe cases, organ failure can occur, and an organ transplant may be necessary. It is also important to note that septic shock can cause death if not treated quickly.

Symptoms And Signs

Sepsis is a serious condition that can progress rapidly, so it is important to recognize the early signs and symptoms.

The most common symptoms of sepsis include fever, chills, rapid heart rate, rapid breathing, confusion, and low blood pressure. Other signs and symptoms may include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, rash, and changes in mental status. People may also experience shortness of breath, chest pain, and low urine output. In some cases, there may be an underlying infection, such as a urinary tract infection, pneumonia, or skin infection.

In newborns, the signs and symptoms of sepsis can be subtle and may include lethargy, poor feeding, irritability, and difficulty breathing. In more severe cases, the baby may have a high fever, low body temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate. It is important to contact a doctor immediately if a baby has any of these signs or symptoms.

Treatment Options

The primary treatment for sepsis is prompt and aggressive antibiotic therapy. Intravenous antibiotics are typically used to treat the infection, and the choice of antibiotic depends on the type of bacteria causing the infection. Other treatments may be necessary to address complications caused by the infection, such as organ failure or shock.

Fluids may be administered intravenously to restore blood volume and maintain blood pressure. Oxygen therapy may also be necessary to help the patient breathe more easily. In severe cases, dialysis may be necessary to filter toxins from the blood, and mechanical ventilation may be used to help the patient breathe.

In cases of septic shock, medications such as vasopressors may be used to increase blood pressure and improve organ function. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove infected tissue or to repair damaged organs. Some patients may require supportive care, such as nutrition or wound care.

The goal of treatment is to restore organ function and reduce the risk of complications. Once the infection is under control, the patient may require physical and occupational therapy to help them recover from the effects of the infection. Follow-up care may be necessary to monitor the patient for any recurring infections.

Sepsis is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that requires prompt and aggressive medical treatment. It is important to be aware of the signs and symptoms of sepsis, and to contact a medical provider immediately if they occur. Nursing home abuse can also be a factor in developing sepsis, and if you suspect that your loved one has been a victim of abuse, you should contact a lawyer to discuss your legal options. With proper treatment, many people with sepsis can recover and lead a comfortable life.